Recent geopolitical tensions between the United States of America and South Africa have brought the future of their bilateral relationship into question, particularly concerning the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA).
This follows the tabling of a Bill last week by a committee of the US House of Representatives calling for a review of the bilateral relationship between the United States and South Africa.
The Bill, titled the US-South Africa Bilateral Relations Review Act, raised concerns regarding South Africa’s ongoing international relations with entities considered adversaries of the United States, such as Palestine, China and Russia.
Responding to the latest tensions, President Cyril Ramaphosa assured that South Africa’s ties with the United States remain intact and unaffected. He stated that the Bill should be viewed as “an opportunity to clarify South Africa’s positions and to correct misperceptions about the Republic’s foreign policy.”
One major point of contention highlighted in the bill is South Africa’s recent involvement in the Israel-Palestine conflict, particularly its case against Israel brought before the International Court of Justice (ICJ). South Africa’s decision to challenge Israel’s actions in Gaza has drawn criticism from some quarters in the US, with accusations of siding with Hamas, a designated terrorist organisation by the US government.
Commenting on the relationship between South Africa and the West regarding the Israel-Palestine conflict, international relations expert and political scientist Dr. Sithembile Mbete stated, “If [the West is] going to try and punish South Africa for exercising its rights in terms of the Genocide Convention, that would have repercussions on those countries.”
However, the recent decision by the United States to refrain from vetoing the United Nations Security Council vote calling for an immediate ceasefire in Gaza marks a significant shift. With the US abstaining and the other 14 council members voting in favour of the resolution, Israel finds itself increasingly isolated on the global stage. This development could potentially ease tensions between the US and RSA.
In addition to the tension surrounding Israel-Palestine, the Bill’s critical issue centres on the future of AGOA, a vital trade agreement granting eligible African nations duty-free access to the US market. Since its establishment more than 15 years ago, South Africa has profited significantly, especially in sectors like automotive sales.
However, mounting calls for a reassessment of South Africa’s eligibility for AGOA benefits have surged, sparking concerns about potential economic repercussions for both nations. AGOA is slated for renewal in 2025.
The Brookings Institution, an American think tank, dismissed assertions that a loss of AGOA benefits would be catastrophic for South Africa, suggesting that the direct impact on its exports and economic growth would be minimal. However, the think tank highlighted potential ramifications for the US, emphasising its reliance on South Africa for critical minerals.
As negotiations over AGOA and other bilateral issues continue, both countries must balance their respective interests while navigating complex geopolitical dynamics.
